Social Order in Northwest India at the Time of Gurū Nānak
Al-Bīrūnī, in his early 11th-century Tārīḫ al-Hind (History of India), observed that there were four varṇas (castes; Punj. varaṇs) among the Hindus: Brahmans, Kṣatriyas…
Caste from a Historical Perspective (7,942 words)
Cite this page
J.S. Grewal, “Caste from a Historical Perspective”, in: Brill's Encyclopedia of Sikhism Online, Edited by: Knut A. Jacobsen, Gurinder Mann Singh, Kristina Myrvold, Eleanor Nesbitt. Consulted online on 21 May 2019 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2589-2118_BESO_COM_031774>
First published online: 2017
First print edition: 20170712
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